Article: NYC Earthquake and Hurricane Irene: Premeditated Induced Disasters, Criminals in Government That Have Active Participation in a Subversive Organization with Specific Intent to Over Throw the Government and Prepare to Kill Innocent People by Regions, Unidentified Eugenic Article 2-B Commission Members
http://knol.google.com/k/ms-snyder/nyc-earthquake-and-hurricane-irene/20jtp2r68qkfx/16#
Counteracting Satanic Manifestations: Exposing the Weather Weapon, HAARP
http://knol.google.com/k/ms-snyder/counteracting-satanic-manifestations/20jtp2r68qkfx/17
Since the Bioethics Committee has nixed testimony, perhaps there are alternatives here:
The Defense Science Board is an independent advisory committee ... akin to the President's Bioethics Commission
Defense Science Board Task Force on Directed Energy Weapons
DEW Report December 2007
------------------
Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program
Organizations
Human Effects Center of Excellence (HECOE)
Human Effects Review Board (HERB)
Human Effects Advisory Panel (HEAP)
Capabilities
Fact Sheets
Fact Sheet - Nanosecond Electrical Pulses
----------------
US Army War College Strategy Research Project
Non-Lethal Weapons and Strategic Policy Implications for 21st Century Peace Operations
"In 1994 NIJ created a working partnership with DoD in an effort to develop and share
technologies that could be used by law enforcement agencies and the military in peace
operations." -- Capstick
Naval Law Review
A Primer on the Employment of Non-lethal Weapons
Title 10, United States Code DoD Directive TS-3600.1
Policy for Non-Lethal Weapons - DOD Directive
"...the Commandant of the Marine
Corps serves as the EA [Executive Agent] for the DoD Non-Lethal Weapons Program"
When reading the essay by Ken Hayworth below, you really understand the selfishness and craziness that exist out there and that can lead people to do things like they are doing to us....(I wonder if they ever thought of what would happen to earth if every single person decided to brainpreserv themself for the future....)/Annie
http://www.brainpreservation.org/documents/killed_by_bad_philosophy.pdf
http://www.aclu.org/spy-files/cia-help-nypd-moves-covertly-muslim-areas-googlecom
Human Mapping Program
Training NYPD officers at the CIA Farm
CIA agents working in the NYPD offices
CIA persuading a federal judge to loosen constitutional protections and allow pre-crime investigations (aka monitor all activity associated with someone without probable cause - follow you, mess with you, etc. )
Although this group seems to be geared more toward Muslims, I doubt it stops there. This is so wrong. Where is the defining line between domestic spying and city policing? There is none.
We design and set up one electronic piliar on which we nail these torturers' names. Then, we put it somewhere on the internet most people can see them.
Please don't miss out this chance," Global Summit Against Discrimination and Persecution". Revise our " Mass petition" in 20 languages.
Name: Jingyu Sex: female
Data of Birth: January 18, 1985
Address: Xian city, Shanxi province, China
Degree: master
The start time of be persecuted: Januray, 2011
Identity when persecuted: Graduate student
Locations when began to be persecuted: Lanzhou city, Gansu province, China
QQ: 1972927005
Email: shuiniao11@gmail.com
mobilephone: 18049297966
My name is JingYu.I am an Chinese. I graduated from Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology. I fell in love with a boy when I was a senior.He read at Zhejiang University.Then his former girlfriend came to my school to harass. I graduated from college to work for a year in Liaoning, and was admitted to the resignation of Lanzhou University graduate student. As the teacher in Beijing, from July 2009 to Oct 2011,I lived in Beijing,during which live in the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, and then this woman and their parents chase Beijing continues to harass and incite part of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center guard verbal abuse opposite.To October 2010, as the school began to go through formalities, then leave back to Lanzhou University. The woman and her parents continued to harass in the Lanzhou University. Then I Lived in Postgraduate Halls, Building 2, Room 624. The women gathered the other girls of other class around the Room 624 every day at midnight from 00 to 2 o'clock at night to make noise in water romm next to the Room 624. One of my goodfirends work in Lanzhou, so starting live with my friend from March 2011 to June 2011, this woman with her parents chase around continued to harass. From about April 2011,no matter when and where I can hear the ironic voice of abusive from the women and her parents. Out with my friends several times to have meal, the woman and her parents chasing the same place to harass. From May 30 of this year, they intensified the harassment, almost twenty-four hours a day can hear them say the idea of my head, and make sarcastic insults passed my ears.
I found some information about brain control device and mind control online, they may attack me with such weapons.I also found many victims of such attacks on the Internet. Now just came to Xi'an to work, the situation remains the same!
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2011/08/hacking-home-automation/
LAS VEGAS – Hacking the grid took on new meaning at the DefCon hacker conference on Friday when two independent security researchers demonstrated two tools they designed to hack home and business automation and security systems that operate though power lines.
The automation systems let users control a multitude of devices, such as lights, electronic locks, heating and air conditioning systems, and security alarms and cameras. The systems operate on Ethernet networks that communicate over the existing power lines in a house or office building, sending signals back and forth to control devices.
The problem is that all of these signals are sent unencrypted, and the systems don’t require devices connected to them to be authenticated. This means that someone can connect a sniffer device to the broadband power network through an electrical outlet and sniff the signals to gather intelligence about what’s going on in a building where the systems are installed – such as monitor the movements of people in houses where security systems with motion sensors are enabled. They can also send commands through the network to control devices that are connected to it — for example, to turn lights on or off or to disable alarms and security cameras.
“None of the manufacturers have implemented really any security whatsoever on these devices,” said Dave Kennedy, one of the researchers. “It’s such an immature technology.”
Kennedy, aka Rel1k, and Rob Simon, aka Kc57, spent two months researching and designing their open-source tools to conduct the hacks. The tools focus on home-automation systems that are based on the X10 protocol, which doesn’t support encryption. They also looked at the ZWave protocol, which does support AES encryption, but the one device they found that was using it, implemented the encryption incorrectly – the key exchange was done in the clear so an attacker could intercept the keys and decrypt all of the communication.
The tools, which they’re releasing to the public, include the X10 Sniffer to determine what’s connected to the power network and monitor what the devices are doing, and the X10 Blackout, which can jam signals to interfere with the operation of lights, alarms, security cameras and other devices.
The researchers demonstrated the Sniffer and Blackout devices they designed that plug into a power socket inside or outside a house or even into an outlet in a house nextdoor, since signals can leak out from a house and carry for some distance. Kennedy said that while testing one of the devices from his house in Ohio, he picked up signals from home automation systems belonging to 15 neighbors.
The tools need to be preprogrammed with commands the hackers want to send. For example, the tools can be preprogrammed to send a jamming signal if a security system is triggered by someone opening a door or window. This would prevent an alarm from sounding and alerts being sent out to police and the property owner. The researchers are working on a GSM-enabled tool that would allow attackers to receive sniffed data remotely to their cell phones (currently the sniffed data is written to external storage) as well as send commands in real-time back to the tool via text messaging.
Thieves could monitor a house to determine when the occupants are generally gone based on signals indicating when lights are turned off, doors and windows are closed and the alarm system is enabled. Then they could send out jamming signals from the tool to disable motion sensors and alarms before breaking into the house. They could also completely fry the system by overloading it with rapidfire commands, though Kennedy acknowledged that this could potentially cause a fire.
The researchers said they hadn’t notified the makers of automation systems about the vulnerabilities in their systems, but said they are hoping their project will bring attention to the security problems.
http://www.chinasnw.com/display.asp?id=596
“科学小说”关于脑波应用的科学预见被证实
朱红成 2007-1-27
“科学小说”关于脑波应用的科学预见被证实
著名作家、生物无线电研究者汪志在其科学小说和科学广播剧《无名岛上》中所反映的关于生物无线电和脑波问题的科学预见，最近被美国科学家所证实。
我国“科学小说”和“生物无线电”问题的较早提出和系统研究者汪志，在其科学小说和科学广播剧《无名岛上》中有着这样的描写：
“生物无线电！由于近代无线电电子学、生物学和电磁场理论、 信息论、控制论的发展，科学技术的日趋精密和完备，诞生 了一门研究生命有机体与外界环境的电磁场联系，生命有机 体内部的无线电联系，以及所谓“脑波”问题的科学，这就 是生物无线电！”
“有人经过反复的实验， 发现神经系统 的活动，都伴随着变动的生物电流。人的大脑活动时也有脑 电产生，有人测定其数量级为10-10伏，当用‘超低噪声管’ 等特殊设备把电流加以放大时，发现它的频率高达5-150 千 赫，甚至更高！你知道，这样的高频电流是可以激发电磁辐 射的，真是有趣，人的大脑居然是一个无线电波发射机！”
“别急，你先听我说，现在还有人发现，有的鱼类能感知数 量级达几亿分之一的电流所产生的微弱电磁场。同样，鸟对 微弱的电磁场也有非常灵敏的作用，人也能感到一定功率和 频率的无线电波……”
“你看到过《无线电波与生物关系初探》那篇文章吗？你搞 生物无线电，应该看看，这篇文章的观点非常新颖，它提出 的无线电波与生物关系的这个命题，是很有价值的。在今天， 很多人只知道无线电在通讯、广播上的运用，却没有注意到 它与生物之间生理上的关系！我们周围存在着很多的各种频 率无线电波，那些电磁场或电磁波对生物都会产生什么样的 生物效应呢……”
“近代无线电电子学、生物学和电磁场理论、信息论、 控制论的高度发展，以及科学技术的日趋精密和完备，诞生 了一门崭新的科学，这就是张松涛所说的生物无线电。很多 事实都证明，生命有机体与外界电磁场有联系，一些生命有 机体之间也有着无线电联系，虽然生物无线电的研究还处在 萌芽阶段，到处都是待开垦的处女地，可它的不少研究成果 已经开始被人们应用，医学上的高频电疗；农业上的电磁波 杀虫；高频电场处理作物种子；还有高频电场杀菌等等。虽 然它们的规律还没有完全被揭示，也还缺乏系统的理论，但 从实践中得到的这些极微而又宝贵的经验被广泛运用的事实 说明，生物无线电的发展，将会给科学研究和生产实践都带 来巨大的变革！”
“既然实践已经证明生物会产生无线电波，一定波长的无线 电波对生物有影响，人的脑电波会随着人的思维活动而产生 变化……你们是否是想证明：一定波长、一定剂量的无线波 对生物会产生一定的作用，思维或心理活动能有可能通过伴 随而产生的电磁波进行传递？”
“我们就是在作这种探索，我们的实验发现，有的鱼类能感 知数量级达几亿分之一的电流所产生的微弱电磁场。同样， 鸟对微弱的电磁场也有非常灵敏的作用，我们认为，虽然脑 电的电压在万分之一微伏左右，它产生的电磁辐射能量微乎 其微，经过几百里、几千里的传播，它的场强在接收点会弱 得无法计算，加之空间中各种电磁场的作用十分复杂，还有 自然界天电干扰的存在，这样微弱的电磁辐射信号可能会受 影响，但一些自然现象，实验和理论研究都说明，它仍是能 起作用的，而且生物机体的这种接收机也象无线电收音机一 样，有它一定的特定条件和要求，也有一定的频率限制。”
“我们认为生物体吸收一定波长的无线电波，可以刺激生物 化学过程，起到了刺激剂的作用，同时产生高频加热使停止 发育的各种有机体脱离静性状态，加速发育。生物体吸收无 线电波有一定的限度，如果不足，作用可能不大，如果超过 限度，就有可能向反方向发展，产生副作用，不难看出生物 体可能具有特殊的‘发射机’和‘接收机’，而且有着它的 特殊性能，若果真是这样的话，它肯定比我们现在人工制造 的无线电技术设备有着更多的优越性！”
“这个问题，也就是摆在我们面前的工作，因为生物无线电 还处在萌芽阶段，所以许多问题和任务都是才开始探索，离它的最后目标还远。对这项工作，张松涛通过自己的研究， 提出了这样几项任务，他认为：
第一个任务，是要研究生物的电磁现象，生物体发射和 接收无线电波的原理和机制就是急需进一步探索的。
第二重要任务，是要揭开生物机体之间无线电联系过程 的秘密。
第三，外来的一定波长，一定剂量电磁波对生物体产生 的作用是怎样产生的，它的机理如何，有些什么规律，都需 要进行反复的实验和研究，对于已经发现的电磁波与生物体 之间的一些关系，象电磁场的磁作用、加热作用、对生物体 的生物物理、生物化学过程影响作用、对生物体内电子有序 化和思维活动的影响作用等等，都是需要进一步深入研究和 探讨的课题。
第四，既然一定的无线电波，那怕有些很微弱的电波对 生物都有可能有影响的作用，而现在空间有着人为的、自然 的、十分复杂的电磁波存在，那么哪些对人和哪些其它生物 有害？哪些对人和哪些其它生物有益，它们之间又有没有什 么规律性的东西，人类又如何更好地利用这些资源和开发这 些有用的能量呢……这都是需要认真研究的。不！不！不！……对不起，对不起，太枯燥了，我不该 和你们谈这些。”
……
这就是汪志在其科学小说和科学电视剧本《无名岛上》中的一些具体描述片段。
据据据英国媒体2006年12月18日报道，随着人工智能技术的飞速发展，机器人的使用正变得越来越频繁。美国的科学家们日前表示，他们已经成功地研制出可以利用脑电波进行控制的机器人。
12月17日，国际人脑-计算机学术会议在英属哥伦比亚的惠斯勒市举行。美国华盛顿大学教授拉杰什•瑞奥展示了他们最新研制成功的脑电波控制机器人。
拉杰什•瑞奥表示，这一最新技术取得的成功表明，科学家们有朝一日将可以利用脑电波机器人来帮助残疾病人。拉杰什•瑞奥说，科学家们只需要通过可进行脑皮层电描法的感应电极板，便可接收并解读癫痫症患者脑部发出的信号。因为程序利用了人脑机器接口技术活动，患者无须将感应电极板植入体内，仪器已可从头部表层解读脑部发出的信号。
机器人通常都是按照事先设计好的程序执行任务。而这种新型机器人原理不同，它先感应并分析各个构件的反应，然后再根据具体反应自行制定行动程序。
参与这项研究的美国脑神经学副教授约翰•鲁塔德指出，此前曾与一名14岁癫痫症患者为程序进行测试，期间他们要求少年完成多种运动神经及语言任务，例如移动手指、舌头及思想等。结果研究人员成功地通过计算机程序提供的脑电波扫描纪录，掌握了该少年脑部的活动情况。随后科学家们又把感应电极板连接至计算机游戏《太空侵略者》，发现这名残疾少年只须凭借思维已能驱使画面中的炮台随着思想移动。鲁塔德兴奋地指出，“他以思维成功地完成两关的任务，他在游戏过程中反应愈快，控制效果愈理想。假如研究成功，技术日后将可应用于残障者身上，让他们可以通过思维来控制义肢的活动”。
这些报道与《无名岛上》的一些场景真是有些不谋而合，甚至可以说是《无名岛上》场景描写的一些真实再现，但它不是科幻小说的“科学幻想”；而是对“科学小说”所反映的科学研究者的科学探索和科学预见的一个具体证实和体现。
随着近代无线电电子学、生物学、电磁场理论和系统论、控制论、信息论的高度发展，以及科学技术的日趋精密和完备，人们发现了生活有机体与外界环境中的电磁场联系、生命有机体内部和它们之间的无线电联系问题，而且这种联系还在影响着生命的机体，于是对它们的研究，便诞生了一门新兴的科学——生物无线电学。据悉，汪志从上世纪六十年代初就提出这一问题并开始进行研究，先后发表过《何为生物无线电》、《气功与生物无线电》等文章，他把对生物无线电和对科学小说问题的研究结合起来，在他的长篇科学小说《无名岛上》，对生物无线电问题和他的研究成果进行了详细的反映，钱学森同志对汪志的工作十分关心，在看到发表在剑南文艺上的《无名岛上》部份章节后，专门写信给汪志，并从上世纪八十年代初开始就多次写信对汪志以指导，汪志按照自己提出和探索的科学广播剧理论把《无名岛上》改编成科学广播剧时，钱学森还专门在北京接见了他。
几十年来，汪志把对自然科学、社会科学的研究结合起来进行，他把自己提出和研究的科学小说、科学广播剧、生物无线电有机地联系在一起，促进了这些研究的共同发展，不仅提出和普及了生物无线电的知识，还同时推出了长篇科学小说《无名岛上》和科学广播剧《无名岛上》和这方面的科学电影、科学电视剧等艺术新品种，他对生物无线电的研究，就首先是以“科学小说”和科学广播剧的形式公诸于世的：
1987年，剑南文艺加编者按发表了汪志的《无名岛上》的部份章节；
1997年，天津教育出版社出版了汪志的《无名岛上》一书；
1998年3月9日至12日，中央人民广播电台在“广播剧和小说联播”中首次播出由汪志根据同名科学小说改编的四集科学广播剧《无名岛上》。
汪志不仅从理论上进行了研究，提出了自己在这方面的一些科学预见和科学猜想——这是来自他对这方面进行科学研究的结果，而并不是科学幻想。这些年汪志在这方面进行的主要工作还有：（1）对生物无线电的研究进行理论性的总结，对一定频率、一定剂量的无线电波与生物有机体的关系与规律进行一步探索；（2）结合这方面的基础理论研究和实验基础，深入研究蚊子与无线电波、声波、超声波之间的关系，希望能研制一种应用生物无线电技术的新型绿色驱蚊器；（3）根据研制出的绿色驱蚊器争取能和有关方面合作，筹办这方面的高新技术产业和生物无线电技术研究所。他还把这项探索与“广播系统工程”的方法与技术推广相结合，希望能研制出相关的信息控制系统与软件。
生物有机体与无线电波关系的研究成果，运用十分广泛，比如运用生物无线电技术的高频处理农作物种子，促进农作物生长、灭菌；高频治疗等，前景就十分广阔。这些产品的开发与人们的生活关系密切，很有发展前景，已引起国内外不少专家、企业家的兴趣。
汪志的《何为生物无线电》曾获得“中国理论创新优秀学术成果奖”二等奖。此外他还撰写有《音频治疗法》、《生物无线电学》等书稿。汪志通过实际调研；有关学术成果的研究；对不同频率高频电场促进作农物种子发芽与灭菌的实验；高频电场在医疗、保健上所产生作用的实验与研究，提出了自己有关于“生物无线电”的定义、机理、规律研究、应用前景等方面的理论，并与其对“科学小说”、科学传播理论的研究相结合，把这方面的研究成果首先通过他的长篇科学小说和科学广播剧《无名岛上》进行了详细反映，成为较早公布这方面研究成果的一种特殊形式。汪志把自然科学、社会科学的研究有机地结合起来，受到著名科学家钱学森的肯定，钱学森看过《无名岛上》上部份章节后专门给汪志写信，并在以后接见汪志时专门对有关科研问题对他以指导。著名生物力学专家、四川大学教授、原国务院学部委员会委员康振黄，认为汪志的研究与医学生物力学的有关课题研究也有关，还专门给他提供了这方面的有关资料和著作供参考，并把他的研究推荐给武汉大学有关教授，对其研究进行具体指导。汪志的这项研究与近年来兴起的电磁污染、、脑电波、电波武器研究等等也有着一定的关系。他的研究除理论外，还探索生物无线电的产生及其有关规律以及与现有电子学理论之间的关系。这不仅有其学术价值，也有其实用价值，就目前正在研制、开发的有关生物无线电技术看，对促进种子发芽、灭菌和家用治疗等都很有好处。
经过近二、三十年的探索，加之近年来无线电电子学、生物学、电磁场理论和系统论、控制论、信息论的高度发展，以及科学技术的不断进步，对生命有机体与外界环境中电磁场联系、生命有机体内部和它们之间的无线电联系问题的研究，也不断被引向深入，其机理及其规律在逐步被揭示，虽然由于条件的限制，过去汪志先生在这方面重在理论研究，但他在多年的实验中也已积累了不少资料和经验，加之已有不少部门参与这方面的研究与合作，在钱学森、康振黄等一批专家学者和有关方面的支持下，我国生物无线电的研究正在不断向纵深发展。脑电波控制机器人的出现，不仅证实了汪志先生对生物无线电研究的重要意义，而且也再一次说明了“科学小说”的强大生命力！
出处:科学浊说网
Hi,
Please don't advise or encourage some victim to " file a complaint personnally with International Criminal Court or UN On Torture". It donesn't mean we can't file personnaly. This process is huge and too much. Without carefully studying each process of " file a complaint" , you case will be tossed. Of course, if you are familiar with everything about this process. Please do it. Here is the "handbook" for reporting torture, crimes against humanity.
"The Torture Reporting Handbook. How to document and respond to allegations of torture within the international system for the protection of human rights"
http://news.163.com/11/0819/14/7BQUETLS00014AEE.html
技术帝IBM今天宣布它们正在研发一种具有革命性的新一代计算机芯片，在这种新芯片加持下，终结者T-800同学将不再只是电影人物，而很有可能成为现实。
IBM将这种芯片称之为neurosynaptic，不同于现有芯片，neurosynaptic通过先进算法和硅电路，模拟发生于大脑等生物系统中神经细胞和突触之间的现象，进行认知并积累学习。简单来说，就是这种芯片是模拟成一个大脑，并且完成大脑的各种功能。一旦成功，统治计算机结构至今冯·诺依曼体系将会彻底被颠覆。
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鉴于这种芯片的吸引力实在太大，所以美帝已经着力推进这件事。美国国防高级研究计划局已经投入2100万美元供IBM及其合作高校进行neurosynaptic第二期的研究工作。或许在不久将来，我们所熟悉那些的科幻电影情节将不再是科幻，嗯，貌似是好还是坏还真难给个定论。
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Estes luxuosos design de saboneteiras romântico pela empresa China Firmino mostra à todos a época romântica. O torneiras para banheiro é uma coleção de 1941 foi feita em colaboração com o arquiteto J. Pizzorno e a habilidade de Guido Sávio, que criaram uma atmosfera opulenta para desfrutar desse Acesórios Torneiras todos os dias.
Os recursos desses ralos sofisticados são muitos elegantes entalhada à mão com detalhes em madeira que lhe dão um estilo antigo.
Adornadas com Torneira banheiro monocomando cascata de prata, estas peças são verdadeiros tesouros. Este banheiro é reservado não apenas para tomar banho mas, é sim um espaço dedicado à beleza, bem estar e doce serenidade . Confira todos os projetos de Sávio Firmino .
Se você quer saber mais, clique aqui nosso site, http://www.chinabring.com.br
Também montado em escala 1:18, com 7 funções no controle remoto (frente, trás, frente direita, frente esquerda, trás direita, trás esquerda e parar) e farol e luzes nas rodas.
CLIQUE AQUI para visitar a loja!
Para não entrar em furada ao comprar um carros controle remoto, olhe três coisas: Preço, loja e fabricante.
Não compre um controle remoto para pc só porque é muito barato. O barato pode sair caro. Escolha uma loja de confiança, certificada. Comprar pela internet é uma boa opção, pois você não sai de casa e geralmente economiza.
Se comprar de uma loja de confiança você estará investindo no produto de um bom fabricante. Lojas de confiança não vendem produtos ruins.
Se você quer saber mais, clique aqui nosso site, http://www.chinabring.com.br
http://digitalpaper.stdaily.com:81/kjrb/html/2010-10/22/content_78889.htm
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配圖：美國科學家們在小鼠身上成功實驗了一種能夠增強記憶、彌補記憶力不足的植入設備，以后有望獲得能夠緩解癡呆等腦補損傷的“人工神經器官”。
領導該實驗的南加州大學科學家西奧多·伯格。
（JGospel 2011年6月23日）據《紐約時報》報導，美國科學家們在小鼠身上成功實驗了一種能夠增強記憶、彌補記憶力不足的植入設備，不久的將來，醫學界有望獲得能夠緩解癡呆、中風和其它腦補損傷的“人工神經器官”。
“讀心”設備可以讓人只通過思考就操縱儀器，一月份美國科學家將思想植入猴腦，讓猴子“學懂”並分辨出不同的物體就是個很好的例子。現在這個實驗也是同一原理，只是所讀取的“思想”不同，而是將小鼠自己的“思想”在腦中“重播”，結果就是記憶得到了提高。
領導該實驗的南加州大學（University of Southern California，USC）科學家西奧多·伯格（Theodore Berger）表示，植入該設備後，此前經過藥物處理而失去記憶的老鼠重新獲得了記憶能力，“輕輕關閉開關，老鼠會遺忘，打開開關，老鼠會重新想起”；另外，這些老鼠對新信息的記憶能力更強。
該團隊的研究建立在科學家們最近對大腦海馬體及其在學習方面所起作用的理解不斷取得突破的基礎上。在整個學習過程中，海馬體的作用是將短期記憶變成長期記憶。伯格表示：“沒有海馬體，就沒有長期記憶，但仍然會有短期記憶。”
實驗中，小鼠會先後看到兩個外觀一樣的開關，研究者故意分散小鼠的注意力之後，再讓它選擇後出現的那個開關。在多次重複之後，小鼠會記住實驗的規則（選擇後出現的開關），但每次具體選哪一個開關，需要的則是短期記憶（這次開關出現的順序）。
小鼠的腦中被安上了一系列電極，一直連到海馬體的CA1和CA3兩個區。當大腦將信號傳到CA1和CA3時，電極同樣會收到這些信號並進行儲存。然後科學家們用藥物讓小鼠的海馬體CA1區停止了作用，這時，小鼠雖然記得遊戲的規則，卻無法記住自己先看到的是哪一個開關，於是只能亂選一氣。
接著，研究者們將得到信號的電極“打開”，讓它們向海馬體傳遞信號，小鼠立刻重新擁有了短期記憶能力，——換言之，當海馬體CA1區出現了問題時，電極可以起到取而代之的作用。
而在未被藥物影響的小鼠中，記憶力衰退的現像也大大緩解——在較長的“分散注意力”活動之後，未使用電極小鼠的記憶會消散大約40%，而通過電極“強化”相應信號的小鼠們，只損失了10%的記憶。
儘管現在的電極設備只要稍作修改就能裝進人腦，但研究者們表示要投入實用還有許多障礙，比如對於嚴重記憶力受損的患者，腦波信號本身可能很弱、難以通過電極儲存，而且人腦關於記憶的區塊也遠遠多於CA1和CA3，要真的全面提高記憶力，還需要多做研究。接下來，科學家們計劃在靈長類動物身上重複這一實驗，其最終目的是製造出能幫助阿爾茨海默病、中風或傷殘患者的植入物，讓其恢復功能。
這個研究團隊的論文標題為“皮質神經義體恢復和提高記憶力”（A Cortical Neural Prosthesis for Restoring and Enhancing Memory），發表在《神經工程學》（Neural Engineering）期刊上。
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/17/science/17memory.html?_r=1
Memory Implant Gives Rats Sharper Recollection
Scientists have designed a brain implant that restored lost memory function and strengthened recall of new information in laboratory rats — a crucial first step in the development of so-called neuroprosthetic devices to repair deficits from dementia, stroke and other brain injuries in humans.
Though still a long way from being tested in humans, the implant demonstrates for the first time that a cognitive function can be improved with a device that mimics the firing patterns of neurons. In recent years neuroscientists have developed implants that allow paralyzed people to move prosthetic limbs or a computer cursor, using their thoughts to activate the machines. In the new work, being published Friday, researchers at Wake Forest University and the University of Southern California used some of the same techniques to read neural activity. But they translated those signals internally, to improve brain function rather than to activate outside appendages.
“It’s technically very impressive to pull something like this off, given our current level of technology,” said Daryl Kipke, a professor of bioengineering at the University of Michigan who was not involved in the experiment. “We are just scratching the surface when it comes to interacting with the brain, but this experiment shows what’s possible and the great potential of interacting with the brain in this way.”
In a series of experiments, scientists at Wake Forest led by Sam A. Deadwyler trained rats to remember which of two identical levers to press to receive water; the animals first saw one of the two levers appear and then (after being distracted) had to remember to press the other lever to be rewarded. Repeated training on this task teaches rats the general rule, but in each trial the animal has to remember which lever appeared first, to inform the later choice.
The rats were implanted with a tiny array of electrodes, which threaded from the top of the head down into two neighboring pieces of the hippocampus, a structure that is crucial for forming these new memories, in rats as in humans. The two slivers of tissue, called CA1 and CA3, communicate with each other as the brain learns and stores new information. The device transmits these exchanges to a computer.
To test the effect of the implant, the researchers used a drug to shut down the activity of CA1. Without CA1 online, the rats could not remember which lever to push to get water. They remembered the rule — push the opposite lever of the one that first appeared — but not which they had seen first.
The researchers, having recorded the appropriate signal from CA1, simply replayed it, like a melody on a player piano — and the animals remembered. The implant acted as if it were CA1, at least for this one task.
“Turn the switch on, the animal has the memory; turn it off and they don’t: that’s exactly how it worked,” said Theodore W. Berger, a professor of engineering at U.S.C. and the lead author of the study, being published in The Journal of Neural Engineering. His co-authors were Robert E. Hampson and Anushka Goonawardena, along with Dr. Deadwyler, of Wake Forest, and Dong Song and Vasilis Z. Marmarelis of U.S.C.
In rats that did not receive the drug, new memories faded by about 40 percent after a long distraction period. But if the researchers amplified the corresponding CA1 signals using the implant, the memories eroded only about 10 percent in that time.
The authors said that with wireless technology and computer chips, the system could be easily fitted for human use. But there are a number of technical and theoretical obstacles. For one, the implant must first record a memory trace before playing it back or amplifying it; in patients with significant memory problems, those signals may be too weak. In addition, human memory is a rich, diverse neural process that involves many other brain areas, not just CA3 and CA1; implants in this area will be limited.
Still, some restored memories — Where is the bathroom? Where are the pots and pans stored? — could make a big difference in the lives of someone with dementia. “If you’re caring for someone in the house, for example,” Dr. Berger said, “it might be enough to keep the person out of the nursing home.”
This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:
Correction: June 19, 2011
An article on Friday about a brain implant that improved lost memory function in laboratory rats misidentified the journal in which the research was published. It is The Journal of Neural Engineering , not The Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.
Although we already understand the basic principles behind BCIs, they don't work perfectly. There are several reasons for this.
It's difficult to call reality in a war with moving targets and predators. Both of us are masked in the delusion of possibility in this jungle. It could have been or it could not have been, like the wild, wild west. There are many ways a perps can escape blame. The predators could use a singular event or time to make anyone paranoid all of the time, which is one of their tricks among others. Like some events being so terrible as to cause PTSD and other psychiatric issues that could later be diagnosed and used to discredit the individual. I suffer from a disorder that leads me to be discredited, but it's also the reason why I was targeted, I believe: money from an undesirable.
Another tactic of theirs seems to be using floridly delusional people to make us all look like lunatics. Look, if you think that they're letting you see them as individual people, you are in the wrong.
Has anyone found a way of perceiving who is real and who is fake or managed to pin down their attackers?
It's not like the idea is a delusion.
Our country has a dark past of targeting people, so it's common knowledge that it is possible. Programs like CONINTEL-PRO left a shady legacy and have inspired general distrust. This distrust causes wayward paranoia. With all this confusion, I guess the question is how do we pin them down and call them out?
I want my brain back. I am a zombie, "Living Dead Girl."
On a random note, I'm done with freedom. I want to move on to spine bending worship. I like how Kim Jong uses his words to create his civilization. What do they want? Let's just give it to them. Miss Rose doesn't like guessing.
