JUAN CARLOS VALLEJOS [phone] RODOLFO [phone] VALLEJOS Capriles POLICY [phone] POLICE criminologists [phone] NCTV [phone] POLICE CRMINALISTA [phone] CICPC htt

[JUAN CARLOS VALLEJOS]

JUAN CARLOS VALLEJOS [phone]
RODOLFO [phone] VALLEJOS
Capriles POLICY [phone]
POLICE criminologists [phone]
NCTV [phone]
POLICE CRMINALISTA [phone] CICPC

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What Is Verichip?

The VeriChip (TM) is the world's first implantable radio frequency identification (RFID) microchip for human use.
The VeriChip is about the size of a grain of rice and Each VeriChip contains a unique verification number, Which Can Be Used To access a subscriber-supplied database over the Internet Providing the implanted person's information, Regardless of Where They are or what they're doing.
And unlike typical forms of identification, the VeriChip ™ can not be lost, stolen, misplaced or counterfeited.
Once implanted just under the skin, via what The Verichip Corporation calls a "quick, painless outpatient procedure (much like getting a shot)", the VeriChip can be scanned when to necesario With A proprietary VeriChip scanner.
The brief outpatient "chipping" procedure lasts CHIP Just a few minutes and only local anesthetic Involves Followed by quick, painless insertion of the VeriChip.
A small amount of Radio Frequency Energy passes from the scanner energizing the dormant VeriChip, Which Then emits radio frequency signal to an individual's unique Transmitting the verification (VerichipID) number.
Each person That will have The Have a unique VeriChip Subscriber Number, Which Provides instant access to something Called the "Global VeriChip Subscriber (GVS) Registry."

What Will The Verichip Cost?

Applied Digital Gave away scanners to a FEW hundred and veterinary clinics subjets in when it first Entered the pet market 15 years ago.
To kick-start the chip's use in people, Applied Digital will Provide Price: $ 650.

Who Is Using The Verichip Now?

The chip Has Been Used for club-hoppers in Barcelona, Spain.

They now use the microchip to enter a VIP area and,-through links to a different database, speed payment much like a smartcard.
The implantable microchip stories seem to be coming fast and furious these days.
First, There Was the News that you can go bar hopping in Spain and Have your tab via a microchip implanted Settled in your upper arm.

Valencia, 04.02.2001.
State of Carabobo.
SUPPORT THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST TORTURE AND ABUSING AND SECRET WEAPONS DIRECTED ENERGY AND NEUROLOGICAL WEAPONS

http://www.voicetoskull.com/news.htm
http://www.partidounnuevotiempo.org/cms/
https://sites.google.com/site/fedamenews/
http://jessydivocaprilesradonkyjuanvallejos.blogspot.com/
http://www.stopos.info/
https://sites.google.com/site/fedamenews/
http://www.hearingvoices-is-voicetoskull.com/AboutTheAuthor.htm
www.FEDAME.org
http://www.parascope.com/articles/0797/em.htm
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http://soleilmavis.spaces.live.com.
http://soleilmavis.googlepages.com/
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VENEZUELAN CLAIMS OF TORTURE
These include efforts provided by eminent personalities like Dr. Nick Begich, Dr. Rauni Kilde, Luukanen-Kilde and the very famous author, Gloria Naylor. So far, everything has been ignored by the media News owned and controlled by crime.
Some already are accused by U.S. law firms and accuse them of having brought about personality disorders. These technologies using microwaves have the ability to cause rupture of aneurysm (aneurysm rupture is 120,000 per year in France, it would be interesting to know how many tears were caused by psicotechnologias ...), stroke (Investigations and experiments of Dr. Allen Frey ), loss of memory.
With NANOTECNOLOGA vision in the injured optic nerve, the nerve is cauterized with photovoltaic nano downloads. With these electrical discharges flip back and eyes in other directions. To produce changes in behavior and personality change subjects are not allowed to sleep. The information that the brain produces is transmitted to some satellites with some agencies and organizations to study the human race "read" thoughts. Such studies of the Human Race is a continuous and ongoing program in which organizations capture, encourage people who are not in the studio, so that OTHER PEOPLE IN THE WORLD CASINO GAMBLING, believe that the person who cauterization made with nanotechnology, made ACTIVITIES IN ORDER OF SOFTWARE.
72. Elpida Gouliova matter of 70 years: rich proprietary half of a building.
She was admitted illegally in 1992 by two psychiatrists, following the request of his daughters, who wanted to avoid becoming disinherited. Out of the Psychiatric Clinic, the opinion of the doctors who treated her was senility. Two years later, the woman in question, at the time of writing his will at the request of the notary, was examined in public psychiatric hospital in Thessaloniki, and had found healthy-minded and capable of managing her fortune. Sentenced to 2 psychiatrists to 18 months imprisonment for illegal confinement and false medical certificates. Acquitted on appeal. The Civil Court declared that Ms Elpida Gouliova was sick. one of the psychiatrists was appointed director of all peripheral hospitals in Thessaloniki with the new Karamanlis government in 2004.
73. Anaïs Fitsiori case, ill 84-year Alzheimer's:
The director of a branch of a private bank, where he had deposited the sum of one million euros, and the lessee of a warehouse which owned stole the sum previously mentioned 4 stores, of which it owned, making sign receipts as the withdrawal of the amounts on their own, while the money she made was to remove their own accounts. By exploiting their legal incapacity, sent a notary to store the tenant and there, she signed deeds of sale of the 4 stores, on behalf of the Director and the lessee, without obviously charge a penny. Moreover, when a person has deposits of around one million euros, it has no need, at the age of 84 years, selling its stores for more money. Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, who had examined her in September 1999, had found his legal incapacity at the time he had signed all the aforementioned acts. The Chairman of the Board of the Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, person appointed by the Government, a surgeon by profession, had forbidden the delivery time of a certificate. In 2000 he was appointed by the Socialist government deputy director Peripheral every hospital in Thessaloniki, but laid off in February 2002 after the report of the psychiatrist Anastassios Kanistras against him.

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TRIAL OF NUREMBERG Nuremberg Code
mcactivism
CASES OF TORTURE IN VALENCIA VENEZUELA
WIKILEAKS HELP OF ELECTRONIC CASES VENEZUELA harassment.
The Journalist OPENHAIMER has different cases that can see the call.
The complaint that you can get in the prosecution of Valencia, Venezuela was sent to international courts and tribunals in The Hague and some international police, and Interpol, this claim can be considered from a legal standpoint as a complaint that is argument based on non-existent, was explained in the media and no institution has done any research.
This type of complaints when they are answered by any legal institution from the legal standpoint check for those crimes.
The Interpol international police response is not achieved by this communication you can do exactly the same and see that no police or organization.
Conduct any legal process ........
http://www.andresoppenheimer.com/contacto/
http://www.interpol.int/es/Contacte-con-INTERPOL
http://www.cicpc.gov.ve/directiva-del-cicpc
http://www.animalistas.com/Directorio.htm
http://www.fucema.org.ar/old/fucema/proyectos/enb.htm
[e-mail]
Electronic Harassment Complaint Electronic Harassment and Mental Torture Voice to Skull.
In this first communication would explain a little about the intention of presenting this case. To introduce these types of lawyers in human rights violations, Al collect information about how some organizations to study the human race harassment engage in criminal activity, damage genetic manipulations and biological damage.
As part of the information presented for examination must archives, books of agencies, organizations study of the human race, recordings, television programs, legal precedents, research methodologies for the determination of technologies, Discovery Channel and History Chanel.
To complete the information were closed tens of thousands of cases in some countries, in all cases have similar characteristics in terms of electronic harassment and cases of voice in to sckull, some subjects had feelings of cauterization in areas of the brain, accompanied feelings of loss of memory, feelings associated with stimuli that produce some involuntary movement, almost imperceptible in the extremities, the subjects discussed in some cases they perceive voices, but the content of the voice follows the same patterns from the statistical point of view the content. In cases of Voice in to Skull, subjects with this type of nano voltaic stimulation in auditory processing centers have discussed the perception of voices, many voices have alphanumeric content, which from the standpoint of criminal psychology can be used to understand the characteristics of each organization, but also features not only the purposes calculated to achieve different objectives.
All cases report that the voices that perceive, are produced by organizations, study of the human race, intelligence agencies and organizations for various purposes.
Some of the purposes set out to determine include the purposes of achieving economic, information extraction, state security, torture, genetic research, trades and theft of biological material.
For legal assessment of such cases in which laws are designed in the state, the definition of crimes of this type has not been included as the biological damage produced by the action of these technologies, are diverse and international consideration are punished.
In court in The Hague, which have been conducted trials in which cases of genocide and crimes apartheid set the penalties for crimes that have a comparison with crimes set forth in state law that occur crimes can be solved, so that international JUSTICE laws designed generally in countries that are submitted, met for the guarantee of crimes that may be considered for large population systems.
The inclusion testable drug or food technologies, allows the possibility of cell stimulation, DNA damage, metabolic changes and biological damage.
In the conception of biological damage can establish that this impairment is performed by the use of electro magnetic fields, these fields emitted into the cells may alter the structure of DNA, but having information on the existence of nanotechnology, it may be able to capture the signals coming from emanadores, one of the most important considerations about these technologies is the ability in terms (hardware) to convert these transmissions in voltaic and nano downloads also produce high frequency fields which directly affect the structure and atomic affinity I DNA molecule and other chemical molecules, causing vibrations in the structure of the molecule which change the configuration of the same, when we have a molecule in which atoms are joined and these are subjected to vibrations which affect the structure, some atoms that compose it, by friction between the fields and the attraction of the atoms can change the configuration of the molecule, but when talking about DNA molecule which has elongated structures may change in the configuration causing some atoms out of adjustment, change or mute the code. Some genetic variations produced by structural changes in the DNA molecule. In terms of the DNA molecule the appearance of genetic disease or mutation of the gene activation code, can be accelerated even off as the possibility that nanoparticles whose size has the potential to enter the nucleus to decrypt information by the theories described at the end, the ability to emit electromagnetic fields at these scales opens the possibility of friction can be decrypted information fields of a DNA molecule.
Using these technologies we believe that nanotechnology might be able to contain internal processors nano as the measure is a measure to be observed, requires resolution electronic technology that can only be obtained by atomic force microscopes or laser microscopes . To observe in processors that carry electrical impulses to make and generate internal frequencies that allow the nano particle capture information and send it from the body to cell antennas would require devices with the ability to manipulate these structures gauge scales, the measure is 1/1.000.000 explanation millimeters.
Only atomic force microscopes and laser microscopes allow observation of these technologies in samples that could be made on food and medicine, for it suggests some laboratories are in the country, the Central University of Venezuela and IVIC, the realization of these observations may only be made with simple methods used in criminology, the process is not complex, but the samples are large, a story in the possibility of finding food and drugs containing these nano structures.
For the assessment of cases where people have different types of symptoms, the medical or psychiatric knowledge could be interpreted as diseases or conditions, we have some people who have symptoms in the case need to study for determining alterations and biological damage. The evaluations can be performed by different types of methodologies since in almost all cases these people have the same symptoms.
The presenting symptoms and sometimes doctors and professionals could diagnose as diseases or conditions should be observed with methods different from the methods used by traditional medicine and psychiatry. The psychiatric disorders set as the psyche may have different types of events according to different precepciones, neural stimulation, and neuronal damage. In cases of harassment electronic impulses that generate this type of technology may exhibit different types of symptoms that a psychoanalyst or psychiatrist, as a professional could identify such pathologies, but in the case studies in different parts of the world as these subjects exhibits symptoms tartan with psychologists and psychiatrists e these, with additional knowledge diagnose symptoms that are part of psychiatry.
From the medical point of view, there is the possibility that the conclusion about the symptoms presented by patients who are treated by the possible identification of disease occurs due to the use of procedures, methodologies and knowledge, without using the information that could complete the diagnosis on a person suffering from crimes.
From the psychiatric point of view, the identification of diseases that are traditionally done through the interview, may not be adequate because the symptoms can include cases from neurological symptoms that can be interpreted as activators of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia , psychosis, bipolar disorder, split personality, motor problems, neurosis, psychopathy and other psychiatric disorders.
To complete the information were closed tens of thousands of cases in some countries, Latin America, North America, Europe and Asia, in all cases have similar characteristics in terms of cases of harassment and Voice Mail in to Sckull, the subjects report that they perceive voices, but the content of the voices follow the same patterns from the viewpoint of mathematical statistics and the creation of algorithms for performing various purposes such as events, internal migration and the ability to manipulate subjects for non- legal. All cases report that the voices that perceive, are produced by organizations, study of the human race, intelligence agencies and organizations for various purposes.
In the explanation of some cases people who suffer from stimulation, the most noticeable aspects are perceived voices, but these voices are being recorded content and then be studied, there appears to be a content based on normal communication Custom Language The study leads to the conclusion that these voices are created from the standpoint of alpha numeric codes, these codes are being transmitted and in cases can be identified, as some organizations perform different types of activities.
How are you commenting activities are conducted, the data can affect the movement and operation of systems normally consider states, the system involvement by technological influences, creates manipulations, stimulation and changes in perceptions of travel including changes unique to ends, purposes are theorized to the needs of the states.
Needs to achieve effects on population groups, including national security, political views, economic interests and purposes that usually do not know since in such systems include having the potential needs and fulfill them by the possibility of better conditions.
From the point of view of criminology, the possibility of finding or verdict about cases of people who have committed crimes in the conception of the Code of Criminal Procedure, could have different interpretations as the possibility of producing photovoltaic nano downloads, allows the possibility of cellular manipulations, even change their functioning and that the cell contents, metabolism is based on complex processes, but when considering the functioning of the cell from a chemical standpoint in nerve cells, photovoltaic nano downloads can alter brain function, such as short term memory and long-term visual processing centers, drive centers, sensations and perceptions.
Jeus Doc Cordova
We send this information in psychiatric cases that are happening in some parts of the world.
From the psychiatric point of view, the conclusion of cases that may present some psychiatric disorders like symptoms, might have, different views about studies that may prove as subjects might suffer psychiatric illness. In case the statistics presented in these files is found that in the world there are cases that really are psychiatric illnesses that could be tested through the analysis, neuro psychiatric point of view of classical psychoanalysis and psychology.
We send this information to broaden their training in the use of psychiatric treatment, which should be treated with drugs that your dosage is indicated for such purposes.
In cases of recent searches for psychiatric treatment, drugs used, refer to block receptors for the neuro eliminate imbalances in the metabolism of nerve cells. The consequence of these treatments should produce a decrease in synaptic processes erratic. The use of substances to anesthesia and propofol effects and other substances that are not normally recommended, side effects of using these drugs, ranging from memory loss, serious metabolic problems or death.
As part of an education campaign on the knowledge we are sending this information to the psychiatric knowledge, be expanded as current treatments including the use of propofol could be considered from the legal standpoint, as crimes against humanity.
On the other hand the treatment of patients with different categorization must be permisado, which includes a different point in the legal conception of procedures, methods, etc..
We invite you to read the following information.
Crimes against humanity - Torture in Venezuela
We tried to talk with President Hugo Rafael Chavez Frias about these crimes happening in some parts of the world
Satellite 1.Radiación.
2.Deterioró genetic (DNA) for Nanotechnology in Drug.
Some cases asias
https://peacepink.ning.com/profiles/blogs/soleilmavis-victima-de-acoso
WIKIPEDIA accepted knowledge
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_harassment
• Directed-energy weapon
• Electromagnetic shielding
• Electroshock weapon
• Microwave auditory effect
• Non-lethal weapon
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2003-2004/publicact/htm/2003-PA-0257.htm">• Laws that protect American citizens ^ http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2003-2004/publicact/htm/2003-PA-0257.htm
• Laws that protect American citizens ^
http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_122nd/chapters/PUBLIC264-1.asp">• Laws that protect American citizens ^ http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_122nd/chapters/PUBLIC264-1.asp
http://www.malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2004/Chapter170">• ^ http://www.malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2004/Chapter170
We'd love to put themselves in touch as there are some lawyers and prosecutors.
Professor at the University of Carabobo.
David Vega
Chemical
04244476262
In reference to damage the hypothalamus.
DETRERIOROS FOR EXPLANATION OF HARASSMENT IN CASES OF ELECTRONIC AND cauterization, WE EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING:
The hypothalamus controls DIFFERENT BODY PROCESSES These processes include: Dun FUNCTIONS TO DO WITH THE PERCEPTION AND INCENTIVES:
CONNECTIONS afferent hypothalamus and the limbic system olfactory, somatic functions that reach the hypothalamus as collateral lemniscales systems, memory cortical afferents that reach the hypothalamus directly from the frontal cortex, afferents from the hippocampus via fornix-mammillary nuclei,
Anatomophysiological aspects.
The thalamus occupies approximately 80% of the medial diencephalic region. The term 'thalamus' derives from the Greek word thalamos, which means 'inner chamber' or 'marriage bed'. Galen (130-200 AD.) Gave this name to the 'chambers' located at the base of the brain. Embryologically, derived from the diencephalic vesicle, from turn of the prosencephalic vesicle: the two telencéfalos after training involves defining a central area which will create the future diencephalon. The thalamus has an oval shape, is a pair structure age or younger and more symmetrical with respect to the midline. In humans, each thalamus is about 3 cm long (anteroposterior) and 1.5 cm wide at its widest point [1]. Is crossed by a band of myelinated fibers, inner core sheet, which runs along the rostrocaudal extension thereof, adopts a special distribution in the anterior pole Y-shaped and divides the thalamus into large blocks anatomic. This sheet contains intratalámicas fibers that connect the different thalamic nuclei together. Another band medullated, the external medullary lamina, form the lateral boundary of the thalamus, medial to the internal capsule. In the thalamus there are two types of neurons from a functional point of view:
- Principal or projection neurons (transmit information outside the thalamus), representing about 75% of the total neuronal population.
- Local interneurons or local circuit, which can receive information from the same sources as the principal neurons, but only come into contact with thalamic cells involved in the same stage of processing.
Constitute around 25%. The principal neurons send their axons to the cerebral cortex, where they release an excitatory neurotransmitter (glutamate, usually) to activate cortical neurons. Glutamate and aspartate are excitatory neurotransmitters and are present in corticothalamic terminations and cerebellar and thalamocortical projection neurons. An exception is constituted afferents subcortical gray cores of the base, which are GABAergic, inhibitory. The local circuits of neurons release acid (GABA) in projection cells inhibit them. This inhibitory neurotransmitter is located at the ends that come from the globus pallidus neurons in local circuits and projection in the reticular nucleus and lateral geniculate body. GABAergic projections are major segment pallidal projections to the ventral anterior medial (parvocellular) and the lateral ventral (pars oralis) and projections of the reticular part of substantia nigra to the ventral anterior nucleus (magnocellular) and dorsomedial (paralaminar). These afferents play a key role in motor function [2]. GABAergic neurons have been identified in all laminae of the lateral geniculate body and are most abundant in laminae 1 and 2 (magnocellular). Afferents from subcortical regions and the cerebral cortex that are directed to the thalamic nuclei excited (depolarized) to projection neurons and local interneurons in these nuclei. In turn, neurons in local circuits inhibit (hyperpolarize) a projection neurons and the neurotransmitter GABA is used. Thus, afferents to the thalamus influence the projection neurons (thalamocortical) via two pathways: a direct excitatory and inhibitory indirect, through the local circuit neurons. The neurons in local circuits modulate the activity of projection neurons, which send their axons to targets extratalámicos. In addition, cells projection sent to a side branch reticular thalamic nucleus neurons, which contain the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA neurons and act as local circuits. The cells of the thalamic reticular nucleus send axon branches to projection neurons and local circuits, so that both are inhibited.
The cerebral cortex, which received afferent projections excitatory cells thalamic axons projecting excitatory sent back to all cell types thalamic, so activate both cortical afferents to projection neurons as the inhibitory local circuits and reticular nucleus. Thus, the thalamus is not just a simple relay afferent information between centers and the cortex, but is in charge of information processing, and therefore influence on cortical function.
Thalamic nuclear groups.
The thalamus contains a very rich nuclear organization. Have been identified as 50 thalamic nuclei [4], several of which are microscopic subdivisions. The nomenclature of the thalamic nuclei is very complex, and in some cases are unaware of their connections and the functional significance of the smaller [2]. They have proposed various classifications of the different nuclei comprising the thalamus based on an evolutionary perspective [5], shared characteristics and fiber connectivity functions [6], citoarquitectónicos criteria [7,8] and anatomic criteria of the different thalamic nuclei ( Table).
Thalamocortical and corticothalamic connections.
The organization within the cerebral cortex of thalamocortical and corticothalamic projections and neurophysiological properties of the fibers that ascend or descend to or from the cerebral cortex are the basis of the complex relationships between different thalamic nuclei and cerebral cortex [9 ].
It was Lorente de No [10] who described the thalamocortical afferents and thalamocortical fibers and fiber specific thalamocortical nonspecific. The former have their origin in specific nuclei of the thalamus, forming synapses in layer IV of the cortex and are carriers of information of general and special sensation (except olfactory). The latter are ascending fibers with collateral primarily to layers I, II and VI. These pathways are nonspecific thalamocortical pathways related to diffuse from the nuclei of the midline and intralaminar into the cerebral cortex [11,12] and related to the mechanisms of arousal (vigilance). We also note that there are reciprocal projections of all relay nuclei and some nuclei of association ranging from the thalamus to the cortex and from cortex to the thalamus through the internal capsule, called 'thalamic radiation'.
Although this radiation make connections to virtually all parts of the cortex, the richness of the connections varies between different cortical areas. The most abundant are directed toward the precentral gyrus and postcentral giri, the calcarine area of Heschl convolution, the posterior parietal region and adjacent parts of the temporal lobe [2]. To conclude this section on anatomophysiological aspects of the thalamus, we note that this brain structure is irrigated mainly by fine branches of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), along with branches of the internal carotid artery and posterior communicating artery . Talamoperforantes arteries (arteries posteromedial or paramedian), which originate in the medial parts of the ACP and the terminal part of the basilar artery, supplying the medial thalamus (medial thalamic territory), particularly the intralaminar nuclei (centromedian nucleus and parafascicular), dorsomedial (dorsal), ventral lateral, ventral anterior, and ventroposteromedial ventroposterolateral [13,14]. Talamogeniculadas branch (posterolateral artery) of the ACP supplying the caudal half of the thalamus (posterolateral thalamic territory), including the following centers: ventroposterolateral, ventroposteromedial, geniculate bodies (lateral and medial) pulvinar, dorsomedial, lateral and reticular. The posterior communicating artery supplies the anterolateral thalamic territory through the branch tuberotalámica (polar optical): ventral anterior, ventral lateral, dorsomedial and anteroventral. The internal carotid artery supplies the lateral thalamic territory through its anterior choroidal artery: the lateral geniculate body, ventroposterolateral, pulvinar and reticular. The posterior thalamic territory is supplied by the posterior choroidal artery, provides nourishment to the lateral geniculate body, pulvinar, dorsolateral, dorsomedial and anteroventral. The cerebral venous drainage depends on two systems, the superficial and deep. The first drains the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter, and the second drain the choroid plexus, periventricular regions, the diencephalon and the num-Table. Classification of thalamic nuclei. Main Classification criteria thalamic nuclei. Arquitálamo perspective: the midline nuclei, evolutionary [5] intralaminar and reticular.
Paleotálamo: bodies geniculate nuclei, ventral posterior and anterior cerebellar relay Neotálamo: medial nuclei, laterodorsal, lateral and ventral anterior connections [6] specific mode: nuclei ventroposterolateral, ventroposteromedial, geniculate bodies, ventral lateral, ventral anterior, anterior and dorsolateral multimodal associative: dorsomedial nucleus and pulvinar-lateral posterior complex and reticular Nonspecific: intralaminar nuclei of the midline and reticular Function Engines: ventral anterior and ventral nuclei play [6] side) Sensitive: ventroposterolateral nuclei and geniculate bodies ventroposteromedial and Associative: core dorsal medial-lateral and posterior pulvinar complex and reticular Nonspecific: intralaminar nuclei of the midline and reticular cytoarchitecture [7.8] lateral nuclear group: ventroposterior complex, ventral lateral nucleus, ventral anterior and medial ventral medial nuclear group: intralaminar nuclei and dorsomedial nucleus.
Posterior nuclear group: complex posterior, posterior lateral nuclei, pulvinar and geniculate anterior nuclear group: anteroventral nuclei.
Anteromedial, anterodorsal and dorsal lateral reticular nuclei.
Anatomic anterior nuclear group: anteroventral nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus anterodorsal and anteromedial lateral nuclear group: dorsolateral nucleus, lateral posterior, ventral anterior, ventral lateral nuclear group ventroposteromedial ventroposterolateral and later: pulvinar, geniculate bodies of the midline nuclei: paratenial, paraventricular, reuniens, rhomboid intralaminar nuclei: centromedian, parafascicular, paracentral, central medial and central lateral reticular nuclei.
CINI II: SPECIFIC neuropsychological syndromes
Rev Neurol 2004; 38 (7): 687-693 689
The core serves ventroposteromedial sensitivotalámico relay center of the head and face. The efferents of this nucleus are directed through the internal capsule to the primary somesthetic cortex of the parietal lobe.
Through this area thalamic projections to frontal areas (areas 4, 8, 6, 44 and 45), the thalamus is involved in sensory perception of movements.
The thalamus is also involved in pain mechanisms. The main target nuclei axons ascendentesn for pain and temperature are in the ventral posterior nucleus. The ventroposterolateral ventroposteromedial and receive most of these afferents. The ventroposteromedial receives nociceptive information from the face, and ventroposterolateral, the rest of the body. The similar arrangement of mechanosensitive and harmful stimuli is responsible for discriminating mechanisms of pain [15]. The intralaminar thalamic nuclei, in terms of pain is concerned, involved in evoking the response triggered by a noxious stimulus through projections from these nuclei reach the reticular formation. Some sensory modalities are perceived in the thalamus, a fact that becomes apparent when lesions or ablations.
of the cerebral cortex. In these cases, after the lesion is lost all sensitivity contralateral to the lesion, and recovered the pain, temperature and sensitivity epicritic (gross). The clinic is well described this painting, known as thalamic syndrome. In these cases, the threshold of stimulation that produce these feelings are high and the sensory modalities are exaggerated and unpleasant, moreover, are usually accompanied by a strong emotional response, usually attributable to the indemnity of the dorsomedial nucleus (common in vascular lesions). Vascular lesions affecting the posterolateral thalamic territory (cores ventroposterolateral, ventroposteromedial, medial geniculate body, pulvinar and centromedian) can result in contralateral sensory loss, paresthesias, and thalamic pain. It has been well described Dejerine and Roussy syndrome, characterized by severe pain, persistent and paroxysmal, often intolerable, usually present at the time of injury or after a period of transient hemiparesis, sensory loss hemiataxia and hemibody. The involvement of the thalamus in motor control is reflected by the afferents from the base gray nuclei, cerebellum and motor cortex that come to him and that he depart efferents to the motor and premotor cortex. In the motor system involved primarily the following nuclei: ventral anterior and lateral, intralaminar and reticular, we are two main systems: pallidal and cerebellar. The separation between the two circuits is that afferents are distinct and their efferent toward the cortical areas that project. Alterations in the ventral lateral projections can lead to movement disorders (dyskinesias). Lesions in this nucleus decreases the abnormal movements and cerebellar gray nuclei of the base [6].
Lesions in the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim), the ventral caudal nuclei, the centromedian, and pulvinar sensory nuclei can cause a wide variety of movement disorders including dystonia, tremor, tribalism and Korea [16-18].
 Vascular lesions affecting the ventral nuclei above, lateral, dorsomedial and anterior nuclei can cause contralateral hemiparesis and visual field disorders. gray cores of the base. The deep cerebral veins of interest are the internal cerebral vein, basal vein (of Rosenthal) and the great cerebral vein of Galen. The internal cerebral veins are the superior choroidal veins (lateral drainage of the choroid plexus), the roof of the lateral ventricle (deep white matter of the frontal lobes anterior and posterior parietal), the dorsal horn of the lateral ventricle (white matter of the lobes occipital and temporal posterior fornix) and the thalamus.
They drain into the internal cerebral vein through small veins talamoestriadas, which are responsible for drainage of the thalamus.